Air Pollution
Green Space
NoiseAir Pollution
Air Pollution
PM2.5 (ANNUAL MEAN)
- 10 5 µg/m3 WHO recommended level
- 20
- 30 25 µg/m3 EU maximun level
- 40
- 50
- 60
- 70
- 80
- 90
RANKING POSITION
38/858
DEATHS THAT COULD BE AVOIDED
IF NEW WHO GUIDELINES (2021)
WERE MET
IF FORMER WHO GUIDELINES (2005) WERE MET
IF THE LOWEST LEVELS OF AIR POLLUTION WERE MET
Source contribution to PM2.5 -related mortality (in %)
This graph shows in what percentage the different sources of PM2.5 particles have contributed to the mortality associated with this pollutant.
NO2 (ANNUAL MEAN)
- 10
- 20
10 µg/m3
WHO recommended level - 30
- 40
- 50
40 µg/m3
EU
maximun level - 60
- 70
- 80
- 90
RANKING POSITION
208/858
DEATHS THAT COULD BE AVOIDED
IF NEW WHO GUIDELINES (2021)
WERE MET
IF FORMER WHO GUIDELINES (2005) WERE MET
IF THE LOWEST LEVELS OF AIR POLLUTION WERE MET
Source contribution to NO2-related mortality (in %)
This graph shows in what percentage the different sources of NO2 have contributed to the mortality associated with this pollutant.
Green Space
Green Space
Vegetation Index (NDVI)
- 0.10
- 0.20
- 0.30
- 0.40
- 0.50
- 0.60
- 0.70
- 0.80
- 0.90
NDVI goal
(WHO recommendation)
RANKING POSITION
546/866
% OF POPULATION BELOW
TARGET NDVI
53.32%
DEATHS THAT COULD BE AVOIDED
IF WHO GUIDELINES WERE MET
Green Area (GA)
- 10%
- 20%
- 30%
25%
GA
(WHO recommendation) - 40%
- 50%
- 60%
- 70%
- 80%
- 90%
RANKING POSITION
571/866
% OF POPULATION BELOW
25% GA
58.31%
DEATHS THAT COULD BE AVOIDED
IF WHO GUIDELINES WERE MET
Traffic Noise
Traffic Noise
59.6%
% OF POPULATION EXPOSED TO HARMFUL NOISE LEVELS 
11.9%
% OF HIGHLY ANNOYED POPULATION
DEATHS THAT COULD BE AVOIDED
6
EXPOSURE DATA SOURCE
Estimated method
GAP FILLING METHOD
SHARE THE RESULTS
Khomenko S, Cirach M, Pereira-Barboza E, Mueller N, Barrera-Gómez J, Rojas-Rueda D, de Hoogh K, Hoek G, Nieuwenhuijsen M. Premature mortality due to air pollution in European cities; a health impact assessment. The Lancet Planetary Health, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30272-2.
Khomenko S, Cirach M, Pereira-Barboza E, Mueller N, Barrera-Gómez J, Rojas-Rueda D, de Hoogh K, Hoek G, Nieuwenhuijsen M. Health impacts of the new WHO air quality guidelines in European cities, The Lancet Planetary Health, D-21-00431R1, Nov 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00288-6
Khomenko S, Pisoni E, Thunis P, Bessagnet B, Cirach M, Iungman T, Pereira Barboza E, Khreis H, Mueller N, Tonne C, de Hoogh K, Hoek G, Chowdhury S, Lelieveld J, Nieuwenhuijsen M. Spatial and sector-specific contributions to ambient air pollution and mortality in European cities, The Lancet Public Health, 2023.
REFERENCE: Pereira Barboza E, Cirach M, Khomenko S, Iungman S, Mueller N, Barrera-Gómez J, Rojas-Rueda D, Kondo M, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Green space and mortality in European cities: a health impact assessment study, The Lancet Planetary Health 2021; 5: e718–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00229-1
REFERENCE: Sasha Khomenko, Marta Cirach, Jose Barrera-Gómez, Evelise Pereira-Barboza, Tamara Iungman, Natalie Mueller, Maria Foraster, Cathryn Tonne, Meelan Thondoo, Calvin Jephcote, John Gulliver, James Woodcock, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen. Impact of road traffic noise on annoyance and preventable mortality in European cities: a health impact assessment. Environment International, Volume 162, 2022, 107160, ISSN 0160-4120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107160
